Improved system of ventilating houses



Uivrrnn Srarlns arnsir Oi-ricatkvB. J. BURNETT, OF MOUNT VERNON, vNEWYORK.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 52,525, dated February13, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, BENAJAH J. BURNETT, ot' Mount Vernon, in the countyof Westchester and State ot' New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ventilators; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description ot the same,reference being had to the annexed drawings, making` a part ot' thisspecification, in which- Figure l is a central vertical section, showingthe construction and mode ot' applying the ventilator. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal transverse section, showing the arrangement, with referenceto each other, of the vertical air-conducting shafts. .f

This invention relates to ventilators to be applied to the roofs ofhouses or other structures, and more especially to those constructed onthe plan which is the subject of the first clause ot the claim of myLetters Patent No. 45,814, dated January 10, 1865, and sincel improvedby me, as fully set forth in an application for Letters Patent nowpendin 0'.

The present improvement consists in certain novel means whereby acontinual circulation tot' fresh air is more eftectually maintainedthroughout the dierent rooms and stories ot' a building.

To enable those skilled in the art to understand the manner ot'constructing and employing my invention, I will proceed to describe it vwith reference to the drawings.

Extending upward from the ceiling of each story which it is designed toventilate is a series of vertical air-shafts, the upper ends of whichrise above the root', each series heilig' composed ot' four or morecylindrical shafts or pipes, B. rlhese shafts B are all inclosed withinan upright trunk, A, which extends from the ceiling of the lower storyto the roof of the building. Immediately over the top ot this trunk,and'above the upper ends of the air-shafts, is a suitable cap, whichdeects the cold external air downward through the windward air-shaftsinto the building, and permits the exit therefrom of the warm airthrough the leeward shafts, substantially on the same principle as setforth in my patent of January 10, 1865, hereinbefore mentioned.

Each series of air-shafts acts independently to ventilate a separatestory. Thus from the ceives the cold air as it descends the windwardpipes ot its series ot' air-shafts B, anddistributesthesametotheroomsbelow through the pipes or passages h, whichare placed in the ceilings E of the said rooms.

At vthe sides ot' the chamber C, between it and the sides ot trunk A, isa space, d, which communicates with the rooms below by the pipes orpassages d', which are laid above or parallel with the ingress-pipes h.The space" between the top ot' the chamber O and the partition' formedby the ceiling above it forms another chamber, D. In the lower part ot'this chamber D are short pipes, b, one beneath Y each pipe ot' the setot' air-shafts aforesaid. These short pipes open into the chamber Obelow, and have upon their upper' ends-three, more or less, conicaldetlectors, a, placed a short distance apart. The lower ends ot' theair-shafts B terminate in these conical deflectors in such a way thatthe cold air can pass directly downward through the windward pipes orshafts into the cold-air chamber C and its distributing-pipes 7L, andthat the warm air rising through the passages d and space el into thechamber l) can pass through the spaces between the conical detlectorsinto the leeward shafts and make their escape into the outer atmosphereat the top thereof.

The cold outer air, heilig deflected into the Windward airshafts by thedellecting cap placed at the upper end ot' the same, passes downwardthrough the said shafts and through their conical detlectors a int-o thecold air chamber C, from whichit passes through the pipes 7L into therooms designed to be ventilated. This cold air, by its superior gravity,falls toward the iioor, thus displacing the warm air, which rises andenters the pipes d and passes upward through the space d into thechamber D, where, finding' no other Wal- Y ot'escape, it passes between'the conical deiiectors (t ot' the leeWa-rd nir-shafts, and risesthrough the suid shafts until it escapes at the top, its ascent beingassisted by :t draft produced by a. partial vacuum created at the top ofthe leew-rd air-shafts by the action of the. wind.

It will thus be seenthat by the use of this ventilator a continualcirculation of air is produced within the building,` to which it is:Lpplied.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The conical detlectors a, situated nt the lower ends of the verticalair-shafts B, substanf tially s set forth, for the purpose specified.

2. The cold-air chamber C, with its air-passages l1.. in combinationwith the vertical airshafts B, substantially as set forth, for thepurpose specified.

3. The chamber D, inolosing the funnelshaped deflectors a, and arrangedwith reference to the vertical :tir-shafts B, space d, and air-passagesd', substantially as set forth, for the purpose specified.

B. J. BURNETT.

Witnesses: l

J. W. CooMBs, G. W. REED.

